Exploring the Landscape of Cybersecurity: A Comprehensive Survey of Standards and Frameworks for Effective Risk Management in the Digital Age

Abstract

The cybersecurity landscape is becoming more complex, with a variety of threats and vulnerabilities that require strong protective measures. Therefore, cybersecurity involves different practices aimed at protecting data and systems from unauthorized access and attacks. Various organizations implement different cybersecurity standards and frameworks to safeguard data from attackers. These frameworks offer guidance for establishing security protocols and ensuring compliance with regulations. Reviewing several cybersecurity frameworks and standards, such as NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology), GDPR, ISO/IEC 27000, COBIT, and others, is the main goal of this survey.  But by methodically analyzing the junction of these well-established frameworks with Generative AI (GenAI) technologies, this review goes above and beyond other surveys in a unique way. It offers the first thorough examination the GenAI might be incorporated into conventional cybersecurity paradigms. Staying proactive is crucial in maintaining strong cybersecurity in a time where both attackers and defenders are using advanced technologies. The review also highlights the challenges faced by cybersecurity frameworks and technologies, and provides recommendations for overcoming these challenges in the future. The aim of the present survey is to offer a comprehensive overview of various cybersecurity frameworks while considering the impact of GenAI on enhancing security measures. Furthermore, this review provides valuable insights for strengthening organizational resilience against cyber threats in a complex digital environment.